THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PROFESSIONAL CHRISTIAN MUSIC IN THE EARLY MEDIEVAL TIME
Abstract
The article deals with the formation of sacred music by Christians in the early Middle Ages. Basing on the historical sources and scientific literature, the authors show a connection between the musical traditions of Rome, the Western Goths of Spain and the empire of Charlemagne. The teaching of professional church singers, the birth of Mass, the complexity of the musical pattern of Christian singing, the educational ideas of Isidore of Seville and Alcuin of York, the metriz school timely opened by Christian mentors – all of it contributed to the formation of the early medieval educational process. Alcuin is the author of many (about 380) Latin instructive, panegyric, hagiographic, and liturgical poems (among the most famous are The Cuckoo (lat. De cuculo) and The Primate and Saints of the York Church (lat. De pontificibus et sanctis Ecclesiae Eboracensis )). Alcuin also wrote puzzles in poetry and prose. Alkuin conducted the extensive correspondence (with Charles the Great, Anguilbert, Pope Leo III and many others, a total of 232 letters to various people); Alcuin's letters are an important source on the history of the Carolingian society. At the Palace Academy, Alquin taught trivium and quadrivia elements; in his work On True Philosophy, he restored the scheme of the seven liberal arts, following Kassiodor’s parallel between the seven arts and the seven pillars of the temple of Wisdom of Solomon. He compiled textbooks on various subjects (some in a dialogical form). The Art of Grammar (lat. Ars grammatica) and the Slovene of the Most Noble Young Man Pipin with Albin Scholastic (Lat. Disputatio regalis et nobilissimi juvenis Pippini cum Albino scholastico) became very famous. Alcuin’s textbooks on dialectics, dogmatics, rhetoric, and liturgy are also known.
Downloads
References
Panteleimons, S. (1830). RGALI, t. 1345. Сollection of manuscripts of writers, scientists, public figures 1669-1949 op. 1. to 1-1124. op. 1. to 1-1124. unit хр. 412. Lectures on history, 96.
Romanovsky, G. I. (1361). RGALI, t. 1345. Сollection of manuscripts of writers, scientists, public figures 1669–1949 op. 1. to 1-1124. op. 1. to 1-1124. unit хр. 464. Philosophical reasoning about kindness, nature, unity, etc.
Bowen, J. A. (1981). History of Western education. London: Metthuen, 631.
Cohen, G. (1993). Englisch religions drama. London: Macmillan, 257.
Churruca, J. De. (1973). Presupuestos para el estudio delas fuentes jurídicas de San Isidoro de Sevilla. AHDE 43, 429–443.
Chadwick, H. (1966) Early Christian thught and the classical tradition. Oxford University Press, 174.
Bromell, D.; Aldrich, R., Wotherspoon, G. (Eds.) (2002). Alcuin. Who's who in Gay and Lesbian History: From Antiquity to World War II. Psychology Press.
Boswell, J. (2015). Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality: Gay People in Western Europe from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Fourteenth Century. University of Chicago Press, 456.
Atkinson, L. (2005). When the Pope was a Mathematician. The College Mathematics Journal, 36 (5), 354–362. doi: http://doi.org/10.1080/07468342.2005.11922149
Bullough, D. A. (2004). Alcuin: Achievement and Reputation. Being Part of the Ford Lectures Delivered in Oxford in Hilary Term 1980. Brill, 566.
Copyright (c) 2020 Alina Ryabokin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Our journal abides by the CREATIVE COMMONS copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.
Authors, who are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the first publication right of this work to the journal under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to freely distribute the published research with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
2. The authors have the right to conclude separate supplement agreements that relate to non-exclusive work distribution in the form in which it has been published by the journal (for example, to upload the work to the online storage of the journal or publish it as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is included.
